{"id":3733,"date":"2022-04-03T17:51:26","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T08:51:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itresearchart.biz\/?p=3733"},"modified":"2022-04-03T17:51:26","modified_gmt":"2022-04-03T08:51:26","slug":"%e7%b1%b3%e5%9b%bd%e3%81%ae%e9%81%a9%e6%a0%bc%e4%b8%ad%e7%ab%8b%e6%80%a7%e3%81%ae%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5-%e3%83%ad%e3%82%b7%e3%82%a2%e3%81%ae%e3%82%a6%e3%82%af%e3%83%a9%e3%82%a4%e3%83%8a%e4%be%b5%e7%95%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itresearchart.biz\/?p=3733","title":{"rendered":"\u7c73\u56fd\u306e\u9069\u683c\u4e2d\u7acb\u6027\u306e\u6982\u5ff5-\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u4fb5\u7565\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u300c\u4e2d\u7acb\u6027\u300d\u306e\u554f\u984c-\u6226\u6642\u306e\u6cd5\u306e\u6982\u89b3\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u4fb5\u7565\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001NATO\u69cb\u6210\u56fd\u3084\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u304c\u3001\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6b66\u5668\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u3092\u4f9b\u7d66\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306a\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u7fa9\u52d9\u306e\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306b\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u3093\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u306e\uff1f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7591\u554f\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001<span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u5148\u751f\u306e<\/span><a style=\"font-size: 14px;\" href=\"https:\/\/lieber.westpoint.edu\/neutrality-in-the-war-against-ukraine\/\">\u300c\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u3078\u306e\u6226\u4e89\u306e\u4e2d\u7acb\u6027(Neutrality in the War against Ukraine)\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ad6\u6587<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u304c\u3053\u306e\u7591\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u307e\u3068\u3081\u307e\u3059(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3001\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u8ad6\u6587\u3068\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>2015\u5e74\u306eCCDCoE\u306e\u30bb\u30df\u30ca\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30fb\u30b7\u30e5\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u5148\u751f\u3068\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u5148\u751f\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u30fb\u30d3\u30d5\u30fc\u30eb\u5148\u751f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30b5\u30a4\u30d0\u30fc\u4f5c\u6226\u306e\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u554f\u984c\u3092\u6559\u308f\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8d05\u6ca2\u306a\u30bb\u30df\u30ca\u30fc\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u898f\u7bc4\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6b66\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u306e\u8981\u4ef6\u306e\u554f\u984c(\u30e6\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30c9\u30fb\u30d9\u30eb\u30e0)\u3068\u3044\u308f\u308c\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u3068\u6b66\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6cd5\u7406(\u30e6\u30b9\u30fb\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30d9\u30ed-\u6226\u4e89\u6642\u306e\u6cd5)\u3068\u3044\u3046\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u308f\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30e6\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30c9\u30fb\u30d9\u30eb\u30e0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001<a title=\"\u30b8\u30a7\u30ce\u30b5\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u7f6a\u306e\u9632\u6b62\u53ca\u3073\u51e6\u7f70\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u6761\u7d04\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u30b8\u30a7\u30ce\u30b5\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u7591\u60d1\uff08\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u5bfe\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u9023\u90a6\uff09\u306e\u5224\u6c7a(\u5168\u6587\u8a33)\" href=\"https:\/\/itresearchart.biz\/?p=3725\">\u66ab\u5b9a\u547d\u4ee4\u3067\u56fd\u969b\u79c1\u6cd5\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u304c\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b(\u5168\u6587\u8a33)<\/a>\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u304c\u3001\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30b8\u30a7\u30ce\u30b5\u30a4\u30c9\u3092\u505c\u6b62\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b66\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u958b\u59cb\u306e\u7406\u7531\u306f\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u53cd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u30e6\u30b9\u30fb\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30d9\u30ed<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u30e6\u30b9\u30fb\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30d9\u30ed\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u300d\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u306b\u767a\u52d5\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6cd5\u3092\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002International\u3000Humanitarian Law\uff08\u56fd\u969b\u4eba\u9053\u6cd5\uff09\u3068\u3082\u3001\u3044\u308f\u308c\u308b\u6cd5\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u56fd\u969b\u4eba\u9053\u6cd5\u306f\u6226\u4e89\u306e\u624b\u6bb5\u3084\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u898f\u5236\u3059\u308b\u539f\u5247\u3084\u898f\u5247\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u6587\u6c11\u3001\u75c5\u4eba\u3084\u8ca0\u50b7\u3057\u305f\u6226\u95d8\u54e1\u3001\u6226\u4e89\u6355\u865c\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u3092\u6271\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u6587\u66f8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u8d64\u5341\u5b57\u56fd\u969b\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306e\u4e3b\u50ac\u306e\u3082\u3068\u306b\u63a1\u629e\u3055\u308c\u305f1949\u5e74\u306e\u300c\u6226\u4e89\u72a0\u7272\u8005\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30b8\u30e5\u30cd\u30fc\u30d6\u8af8\u6761\u7d04\uff08Geneva Conventions for the Protection of War Victims\uff09\u300d\u30682\u3064\u306e1977\u5e74\u8ffd\u52a0\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\uff081977 Additional Protocols\uff09\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306f\u3001\u6163\u7fd2\u6cd5\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3068\u4e2d\u7acb\u6027\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002(\u306a\u304a\u3001\u300c\u9632\u885b\u5b9f\u52d9\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u300d\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u306f\u3001\u300c\u6cd5\u4e0a\u306e\u6226\u4e89\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u306b\u3001\u7d1b\u4e89\u5f53\u4e8b\u56fd(\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd)\u3068\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u3068\u306e\u56fd\u5bb6\u9593\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u898f\u5f8b\u3059\u308b\u6cd5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4eca\u3082\u306a\u304a\u3001\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u6cd5\u3068\u533a\u5225\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u70b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4eca\u5f8c\u8abf\u3079\u307e\u3059)<\/p>\n<h4>\u6163\u7fd2\u6cd5\u306e\u554f\u984c<\/h4>\n<p>\u30e6\u30b9\u30fb\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30d9\u30ed\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\uff14\u3064\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u3052\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u533a\u5225\uff08\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u653b\u6483\u306e\u7981\u6b62\uff09\u300d\u300c\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u300d\u300c\u5747\u8861\u6027\u300d\u300c\u30b7\u30d3\u30e9\u30ea\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>(\u30a4)\u533a\u5225\uff08 discrimination\uff09\uff0d\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u653b\u6483\u306e\u7981\u6b62<\/h5>\n<p>\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u6cd5\uff08LOAC\uff09\u306f\u3001\u4f5c\u6226\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u653b\u6483\u76ee\u6a19\u3092\u6575\u306e\u6226\u95d8\u54e1 (Combatants) \u304b\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u6a19 (military objectives) \u306b\u5b9a\u3081\u3001\u6c11\u9593\u4eba\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6c11\u9593\u76ee\u6a19\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u533a\u5225\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u3067\u3075\u308c\u305f1977\u5e74\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u8ffd\u52a0\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f848\u6761\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u7d1b\u4e89\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u306f\u3001\u6587\u6c11\u305f\u308b\u4f4f\u6c11\u53ca\u3073\u6c11\u7528\u7269\u3092\u5c0a\u91cd\u3057\u53ca\u3073\u4fdd\u8b77\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6587\u6c11\u305f\u308b\u4f4f\u6c11\u3068\u6226\u95d8\u54e1\u3068\u3092\u3001\u307e\u305f\u3001\u6c11\u7528\u7269\u3068\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u6a19\u3068\u3092\u5e38\u306b\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3001\u53ca\u3073\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u6a19\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8ecd\u4e8b\u884c\u52d5\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3059\u308b<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u5b9a\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u8ecd\u4eba\u3068\u6587\u6c11\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u6a19\u3068\u6c11\u7528\u7269\u3092\u533a\u5225\u305b\u305a\u306b\u884c\u3046\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u653b\u6483\u306e\u7981\u6b62\u304c\u5b9a\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u884c\u70ba\u898f\u7bc4\u304b\u3089\u3082\u3001\u3053\u306e\u533a\u5225\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u898f\u7bc4\u304c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b2\u30ea\u30e9\u6226\u4e89\u3092\u4f8b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u30b2\u30ea\u30e9\u6226\u4e89\u306f\u3001\uff08\uff11\uff09\u8cac\u4efb\u3092\u3082\u3064\u6307\u63ee\u5b98\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6307\u4ee4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08\uff12\uff09\u9060\u304f\u304b\u3089\u8b58\u5225\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u8a18\u7ae0\uff08insignia\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5370\uff08sign\uff09\u3092\u8eab\u306b\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08\uff13\uff09\u6226\u4e89\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6cd5\u3068\u6163\u7fd2\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u4f5c\u6226\u304c\u9042\u884c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\uff08\uff14\uff09\u6b66\u5668\u3092\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306b\u643a\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u30b2\u30ea\u30e9\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u5730\u4f4d\u304c\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u9678\u6226\u6761\u7d041\u6761\uff09\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u9060\u304f\u304b\u3089\u8b58\u5225\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u8a18\u7ae0\uff08insignia\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5370\uff08sign\uff09\u3092\u8eab\u306b\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3084\u6b66\u5668\u3092\u516c\u958b\u3067\u643a\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u533a\u5225\u306e\u539f\u5247\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30b5\u30a4\u30d0\u30fc\u4f5c\u6226\u3092\u8003\u3048\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3082\u3001\u3053\u306e\u539f\u5247\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3001\u30b5\u30a4\u30d0\u30fc\u4f5c\u6226\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u8a73\u7d30\u306f\u3001\u7701\u7565\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u6a19\u3068\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3001\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u7528\u9014\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4f7f\u7528\u304c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6d3b\u52d5\u306b\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u8cc7\u3059\u308b\u7269\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5168\u9762\u7684\u307e\u305f\u306f\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306a\u7834\u58ca\u3001\u596a\u53d6\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7121\u52b9\u5316\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3082\u306e\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u540c\u898f\u5247100\uff09\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6c11\u7528\u7269\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u6a19\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u7269\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u540c\uff09\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u7684\u306b\u3082\u6c11\u9593\u76ee\u7684\u306b\u3082\u5229\u7528\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u6a19\u305f\u308a\u3046\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff08\u540c\u898f\u5247101\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u3053\u306e\u533a\u5225\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306f\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u304a\u3088\u3073\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u898f\u5b9a\u3001\u653b\u6483\u884c\u52d5\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u898f\u5b9a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u306a\u624b\u6bb5\u307e\u305f\u306f\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u653b\u6483\u306f\u3001\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08\u540c\u898f\u5247105\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>(\u30ed) \u5747\u8861\u6027\uff08 Proportionality\uff09<\/h5>\n<p>\u6b21\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306f\u3001\u5747\u8861\u6027\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7684\u653b\u6483\u3067\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5229\u70b9\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6c11\u9593\u4eba\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6c11\u9593\u6a5f\u95a2\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u968f\u4f34\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u88ab\u5bb3\u304c\u3001\u91e3\u308a\u5408\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7981\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u5e38\u5175\u5668\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6280\u8853\u306e\u9032\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308a\u30b3\u30e9\u30c6\u30e9\u30eb\u30c0\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\uff08\u6c11\u9593\u4eba\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u653b\u6483\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5dfb\u304d\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b\u640d\u5bb3\uff09\u3084\u5076\u7136\u306e\u50b7\u5bb3\u306f\u3001\u304d\u308f\u3081\u3066\u6e1b\u5c11\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306f\u3001\u6a19\u7684\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3068\u6b66\u5668\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6226\u8853\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u76f8\u5f53\u306a\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u304a\u3053\u306a\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>(\u30cf) \u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff08Necessity\uff09<\/h5>\n<p>\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u3001\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u306f\u3001\u653b\u6483\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u8ecd\u4e8b\u4e0a\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u660e\u304b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u884c\u70ba\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u548c\u3078\u306e\u5fa9\u5e30\u3092\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u56f0\u96e3\u306b\u3059\u308b\u6575\u5bfe\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8ecd\u4e8b\u4e0a\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306f\u3001\u6226\u95d8\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5916\uff08\u307e\u305f\u306f\u3001\u6c38\u7d9a\u7684\u306a\u8ca0\u50b7\u3092\u8ca0\u3063\u305f\uff09\u306e\u6575\u3078\u306e\u653b\u6483\u3001\u81ea\u767d\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u62f7\u554f\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8ecd\u4e8b\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u306a\u3044\u6575\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u640d\u5bb3\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u306a\u3069\u306f\u3001\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>(\u30cb)\u3000Chivalry-\u80cc\u4fe1\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u7981\u6b62<\/h5>\n<p>\u80cc\u4fe1\u884c\u70ba(legal deception)\u304c\u7981\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u80cc\u4fe1\u884c\u70ba\u3068\u306f\u3001\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u53cc\u65b9\u304c\u6cd5\u898f\u3092\u9075\u5b88\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4fe1\u983c\u3092\u88cf\u5207\u308b\u610f\u56f3\u3067\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u4e0a\u4fdd\u8b77\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3084\u5730\u4f4d\u3092\u88c5\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6587\u6c11\u3001\u6c11\u7528\u7269\u3001\u533b\u7642\u8981\u54e1\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7269\u3001\u56fd\u9023\u306e\u8981\u54e1\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7269\u3001\u6226\u95d8\u5916\u306b\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306a\u3069\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n\u3053\u308c\u306b\u305f\u3044\u3057\u3066\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7684\u5947\u8a08\uff08military deception\uff09\u306f\u8a31\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5947\u8a08\u3068\u306f\u3001\u6575\u3092\u6b3a\u304f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7121\u8b00\u306b\u884c\u52d5\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u305f\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3001\u6226\u6642\u8b00\u8a08\u3068\u3082\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u507d\u88c5\u3001\u304a\u3068\u308a\u3001\u967d\u52d5\u4f5c\u6226\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4f8b\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e2d\u7acb\u6027\uff08Neutrality\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u6575\u5bfe\u56fd\u304c\u30b5\u30a4\u30d0\u30fc\u6226\u4e89\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u306f\u3069\u3046\u306a\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u554f\u984c\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u6226\u4e89\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u56fd\u5bb6\u304c\u3001\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u305f\u3044\u3057\u3066\u4e2d\u7acb\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u3092\u3068\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u3068\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u3068\u306e\u9593\u3092 \u898f\u5f8b\u3059\u308b\u6cd5\u3092\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u3068\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7fa9\u52d9\u3068\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7fa9\u52d9\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3001\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8003\u5bdf\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u6226\u4e89\u306e\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u3067\u306a\u3044\u56fd\u306f\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u307e\u305f\u3069\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u554f\u984c\u3092\u7c21\u6f54\u306b\u53d6\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u56fd\u306f\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u8ecd\u5099\u306e\u4f9b\u4e0e\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u63f4\u52a9\u3082\u884c\u308f\u306a\u3044\u7fa9\u52d9\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u554f\u984c\u3092\u8003\u5bdf\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306e\u6e90\u6d41<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306f\u30011907\u5e7410\u670818\u65e5\u306e\u7b2c2\u56de\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u8b1b\u548c\u4f1a\u8b70\u3067\u63a1\u629e\u3055\u308c\u305f2\u3064\u306e\u6761\u7d04\u3067\u898f\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u3068\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u306f\u3053\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u6761\u7d04\u306b\u52a0\u76df\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u6761\u7d04\u3068\u306f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ihl-databases.icrc.org\/applic\/ihl\/ihl.nsf\/Treaty.xsp?documentId=4D47F92DF3966A7EC12563CD002D6788&amp;action=openDocument\">\u9678\u6226\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u5c0a\u91cd\u3059\u308b\u6761\u7d04\uff08\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u7b2cV\u6761\u7d04\uff09(Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907.<\/a>)(<a href=\"https:\/\/www1.doshisha.ac.jp\/~karai\/intlaw\/docs\/hc5.htm\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u8a33<\/a>)\u304a\u3088\u3073<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ihl-databases.icrc.org\/applic\/ihl\/ihl.nsf\/Treaty.xsp?documentId=06A47A50FE7412AFC12563CD002D6877&amp;action=openDocument\">\u6d77\u6226\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u53ca\u3073\u7fa9\u52d9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u6761\u7d04\uff08\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u7b2cXIII\u6761\u7d04\uff09(Convention (XIII) Concerning the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers in Naval War.)\u3002 <\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www1.doshisha.ac.jp\/~karai\/intlaw\/docs\/hc13.htm\">(\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u8a33)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6cd5\u7684\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6587\u66f8\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3001<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/lawofwar.org\/hague_rules_of_air_warfare.htm\">1923 \u5e74\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u822a\u7a7a\u6226\u898f\u5247 39 \u6761\u304b\u3089 48 \u6761<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ihl-databases.icrc.org\/applic\/ihl\/ihl.nsf\/Treaty.xsp?documentId=5B310CC97F166BE3C12563F6005E3E09&amp;action=openDocument\">1994 \u5e74\u30b5\u30f3\u30ec\u30e2\u6d77\u4e0a\u6b66\u88c5\u7d1b\u4e89\u9069\u7528\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u30de\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/264036862_Manual_on_International_Law_Applicable_to_Air_and_Missile_Warfare\">2009 \u5e74\u822a\u7a7a\u30fb\u30df\u30b5\u30a4\u30eb\u6226\u9069\u7528\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u30de\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3067\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5 \u304c\u6271\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>1990 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u6163\u884c\u306f\u4e00\u69d8\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u3042\u308b\u6587\u66f8\u3084\u62d8\u675f\u529b\u306e\u306a\u3044\u6587\u66f8\u3092\u88dc\u8db3\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u6163\u7fd2\u898f\u5247\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306f\u672a\u89e3\u6c7a\u306e\u554f\u984c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3068\u306f\u3044\u3048\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u304c\u591a\u6570\u306e\u56fd\u306e\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6559\u7bc4\u306b\u76db\u308a\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306f\u3001\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u6cd5\u306e\u3053\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u8981\u70b9\u304c\u5f15\u304d\u7d9a\u304d\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u8a8d\u8b58\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u5341\u5206\u306a\u8a3c\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306e\u9069\u7528\u6027<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u56fd\u969b\u7684\u306a\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\uff08International Armed Conflict\uff09\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306e\u307f\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4e0a\u3067\u307f\u305f\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002IAC\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d1b\u4e89\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u306f\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u4e3b\u6a29\u3092\u5c0a\u91cd\u3059\u308b\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u8ca0\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001IAC\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u95be\u5024\u304c\u300c\u4e00\u56fd\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4ed6\u56fd\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6b66\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u300d\u3068\u304b\u306a\u308a\u4f4e\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306f\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u671f\u9593\u3068\u5f37\u5ea6\u306eIAC\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306e\u307f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u3068\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u3067\u3042\u308b\u516c\u5e73\u7fa9\u52d9\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5ba3\u8a00\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6226\u4e89\uff08\u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u6226\u4e89\u72b6\u614b\uff09\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u304c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u7acb\u5834\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u56fd\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5341\u5206\u306a\u652f\u6301\u3092\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u3068\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u9023\u90a6\u306e\u9593\u306eIAC\u306f\u30012014\u5e74\u306e\u30af\u30ea\u30df\u30a2\u534a\u5cf6\u306e\u4f75\u5408\u3068\u3001\u30eb\u30cf\u30f3\u30b9\u30af\u3068\u30c9\u30cd\u30c4\u30af\u306e\u5206\u96e2\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u8ecd\u4e8b\u652f\u63f4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3055\u308c\u30012022\u5e742\u670823\u30fb24\u65e5\u306b\u3001\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u304c\u30d9\u30e9\u30eb\u30fc\u30b7\u306e\u652f\u63f4\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u8ecd\u306b\u653b\u6483\u30fb\u4fb5\u653b\u3055\u308c\u3001\u304b\u306a\u308a\u30a8\u30b9\u30ab\u30ec\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u5148\u751f\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u30822\u670823\u65e5\u30fb24\u65e5\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u6b66\u529b\u6575\u5bfe\u884c\u70ba\u306e\u6fc0\u3057\u3055\u3068\u4e88\u6e2c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u671f\u9593\u306f\u3001\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u306e\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u56fd\u304c\u539f\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u304c\u5b89\u5168\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u7b2c5\u6761\u7d04\u3068\u7b2c13\u6761\u7d04\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306f\u3001\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u304c\u81ea\u56fd\u306e\u9818\u571f\u3092\u8ecd\u4e8b\u4f5c\u6226\u306e\u62e0\u70b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u4ea4\u6226\u6a29\u306e\u884c\u4f7f\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7981\u3058\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u6761\u7d04\u7b2c5\u6761\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u304c\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u8ecd\u5099\u3092\u4f9b\u7d66\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u7981\u6b62\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7b2c7\u6761\u306f\u3001\u79c1\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u8005\u306b\u3088\u308b\u300c\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4ed6\u65b9\u306b\u4ee3\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6b66\u5668\u3001\u8ecd\u9700\u54c1\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u8ecd\u968a\u3084\u8266\u968a\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u8f38\u51fa\u307e\u305f\u306f\u8f38\u9001\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u300d\u3092\u6271\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306b\u306f\u300c\u963b\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u7fa9\u52d9\u306f\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u6761\u7d04\u7b2c\u4e94\u6761\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u56fd\u3068\u6c11\u9593\u306e\u30ae\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u304c\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7269\u54c1\u3092\u4f9b\u7d66\u3059\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u6761\u7d04\u7b2c\u4e94\u6761\u306f\u3001\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u3078\u306e\u6b66\u5668\u5f3e\u85ac\u306e\u79fb\u9001\u3092\u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306b\u7981\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d77\u6226\u3092\u6271\u3046\u30cf\u30fc\u30b0\u6761\u7d04\u7b2c 13 \u6761\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u8ecd\u8266\u3001\u5f3e\u85ac\u53c8\u306f\u6226\u4e89\u7269\u8cc7\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u304c\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u53c8\u306f\u9593\u63a5\u306b\u4f9b\u7d66\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7981\u6b62\u3059\u308b<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5b9a\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u8ecd\u5099\u3092\u4f9b\u7d66\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u7981\u6b62\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u6709\u5229\u306b\u3001\u4ed6\u65b9\u306e\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u4e0d\u5229\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5074\u306b\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7fa9\u52d9\u5168\u4f53\u304b\u3089\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e2d\u7acb\u3068\u4fb5\u7565<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306f\u5e73\u6642\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308b\u4e2d\u7acb\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306b\u305f\u3044\u3057\u3066\u8ca0\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u4e2d\u7acb\u7fa9\u52d9\u306f\u3001\u9ed9\u8a8d\u3001\u907f\u6b62\u304a\u3088\u3073\u9632\u6b62\u306e3\u7a2e\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u306b\u3088\u308a\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3092\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u8a31\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3057\u3001\u307e\u305f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3092\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u5229\u76ca\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u306f\u6210\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u56fd\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3053\u306a\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u4e86\u77e5\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5229\u7528\u3092\u7d42\u4e86\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3079\u304d\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u8ca0\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u5148\u751f\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u9023\u90a6\u306e\u62d2\u5426\u6a29\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u56fd\u9023\u61b2\u7ae0\u7b2c7\u7ae0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u56fd\u9023\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u304b\u3089\u9038\u8131\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306f\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u306b\u8ecd\u5099\u3092\u4f9b\u7d66\u3057\u3001\u307e\u305f\u4f9b\u7d66\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\u56fd\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u306b\u9055\u53cd\u3059\u308b\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u601d\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u7c73\u56fd\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u56fd\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306f\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u3068\u4fb5\u7565\u306e\u88ab\u5bb3\u8005\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u300c\u9069\u683c(qualified)\u300d\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u6148\u60b2\u6df1\u3044(benevolent)\u300d\u4e2d\u7acb\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8a31\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5f37\u3044\u898b\u89e3\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u898b\u89e3\u306f\u3001\u7c73\u56fd\u3067\u306f\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/ogc.osd.mil\/Portals\/99\/department_of_defense_law_of_war_manual_1.pdf\">\u56fd\u9632\u7dcf\u7701\u306e\u6226\u4e89\u30de\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30eb<\/a>\u306e\u300cQualified Neutrality\u300d\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u3053\u306e15.2.2\u3092\u307f\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>15.2.2 Qualified Neutrality\uff08\u9069\u683c\u4e2d\u7acb\u6027\uff09\u3002\u7c73\u56fd\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306e\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u306f\u3001\u9069\u683c\u4e2d\u7acb\u306e\u539f\u5247\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u306f\u9069\u7528\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7acb\u5834\u3092\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306f\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306b\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001\u3069\u306e\u56fd\u304c\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u306e\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u7d1b\u4e89\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u9593\u3067\u53b3\u683c\u306a\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3092\u5b88\u308b\u3088\u3046\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u304d\u305f \u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u8af8\u6761\u7d04\u304c\u56fd\u306e\u653f\u7b56\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u6226\u4e89\u3092\u9055\u6cd5\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306f\u3001\u4fb5\u7565\u6226\u4e89\u306e\u88ab\u5bb3\u56fd\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u533a\u5225\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u8b70\u8ad6\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u7c73\u56fd\u306f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u306b\u53c2\u6226\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b\u300c\u9069\u683c\u4e2d\u7acb\u300d\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u3092\u3068\u308a\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u306f\u3001\u660e\u767d\u304b\u3064\u9055\u6cd5\u306a\u4fb5\u7565\u6226\u4e89\u306e\u72a0\u7272\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u4ea4\u6226\u56fd\u3092\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u6709\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3057\u305f \u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\u3001<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u56fd\u9023\u61b2\u7ae0\u7b2c2\u67614\u9805\u304c\u6b66\u529b\u884c\u4f7f\u3092\u7981\u6b62\u3057\u30011974\u5e74\u306e\u56fd\u9023\u7dcf\u4f1a\u6c7a\u8b70\u304c\u4fb5\u7565\u884c\u70ba\u3092\u7981\u6b62\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u300c\u9069\u683c\u4e2d\u7acb\u300d\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u306f\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7570\u8ad6\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u304c\u7d99\u7d9a\u7684\u306b\u53cd\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u5148\u751f\u3082\u305d\u306e\u4e00\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002\u56fd\u9023\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u56fd\u3092\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u3068\u6a29\u5a01\u7684\u306b\u8a8d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306e\u307f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3088\u3046\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u5b9f\u8df5\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6a29\u5a01\u3042\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3042\u308b\u56fd\u5bb6\u3092\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3002\u306a\u305c\u306a\u3089\u3001IAC\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8ecd\u4e8b\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u307e\u305f\u306f\u96c6\u56e3\u7684\u81ea\u885b\u6a29\u306e\u884c\u4f7f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u307e\u308a\u306b\u3082\u591a\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4e2d\u7acb\u56fd\u304c\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u7684\u306a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4e2d\u7acb\u7fa9\u52d9\u3092\u514d\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8a31\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306fIAC\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u3092\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u9632\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u304d\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u5148\u751f\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/book\/edcoll\/9789047421252\/Bej.9789004154285.i-590_021.xml?language=en\">\u7b2c20\u7ae0. \u56fd\u969b\u6b66\u529b\u7d1b\u4e89\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6148\u60b2\u6df1\u3044\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\uff1a\u4e2d\u7acb\u6cd5\u306e\u7121\u95a2\u9023\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u795e\u8a71\u300d(Chapter 20. Benevolent Third States in International Armed Conflicts: the Myth of the Irrelevance of the Law of Neutrality)<\/a>\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u30cf\u30a4\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u5148\u751f\u3082\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u30fb\u30d0\u30a4\u30fb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u3053\u306e\u300c\u9069\u683c\u4e2d\u7acb\u300d\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u3088\u308a\u5e83\u3052\u308b\u3079\u304d\u76f8\u5f53\u306a\u7406\u7531\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u300c\u9069\u683c\u4e2d\u7acb\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5fae\u5999\u306a\u7acb\u5834(nuances position)\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u3079\u304d\u7406\u7531\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u306e\u73fe\u72b6\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9650\u308a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30b2\u30fc\u30e0\u30c1\u30a7\u30f3\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u56fd\u9023\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u3067\u306f\u5341\u5206\u306a\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u304c\u68c4\u6a29\u3057\u62d2\u5426\u6a29\u3092\u884c\u4f7f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u4fb5\u7565\u56fd\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u56fd\u9023\u61b2\u7ae0\u7b2c7\u7ae0\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5f37\u5236\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u6a5f\u80fd\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u59a8\u3052\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u56fd\u9023\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6a29\u5a01\u3042\u308b\u5206\u985e\u306e\u6709\u7121\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u30a6\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30ca\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8ecd\u4e8b\u884c\u52d5\u306f\u660e\u767d\u306a\u4fb5\u7565\u884c\u70ba\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u5927\u7d71\u9818\u306b\u3088\u308b\u305d\u306e\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u306f\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u3082\u56fd\u969b\u6cd5\u306b\u3082\u6839\u62e0\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 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